Circulating miR-126-5p and miR-199a-5p as serum biomarkers for personalized treatment in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14748/nw6x6881Keywords:
multiple myeloma, microRNAs, miR-126-5p, miR-199a-5pAbstract
Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous plasma-cell malignancy with variable clinical course and treatment response. Current staging and risk-stratification systems, including ISS and R-ISS, do not fully reflect biological aggressiveness or individual treatment sensitivity. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising minimally invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring.
Aim: The aim of this article is to assess the diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic value of serum miR-126-5p and miR-199a-5p in newly diagnosed MM and to evaluate their changes during treatment.
Materials and Methods: This prospective, non-interventional, single-center study included 56 treatment-naïve patients with newly diagnosed MM and 12 healthy controls. Serum samples were collected at baseline (n = 56) and after 6 months of VCD-based therapy (n = 32). Small RNA was isolated using the miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit with cel-miR-39 spike-in control. Reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR were performed using the miRCURY LNA platform. Relative expression was calculated by the 2^-ΔΔCt method. Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests, correlation analysis, ROC analysis, and Cox regression for overall and progression-free survival.
Results: Patients with newly diagnosed MM showed significantly lower serum expression of miR-126-5p and miR-199a-5p than healthy controls. Lower levels of both miRNAs correlated with higher β2-microglobulin and lower hemoglobin. After 6 months of treatment, patients achieving complete or very good partial response showed a significant increase in miR-126-5p, approaching control levels.
Conclusion: Serum miR-126-5p and miR-199a-5p may serve as diagnostic biomarkers and dynamic indicators of treatment response in MM, supporting more precise risk assessment, therapeutic stratification, and biomarker-guided personalized management in clinical practice.
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